What are the differences between synchronous and asynchronous learning?
In the virtual learning world there are two main types of learning - synchronous and asynchronous.
When people think of e-learning or teaching, they most often think of asynchronous learning. This is the type of learning that has no time associated with it. This is learning that can happen at a students' own pace, time etc, because the content/instruction is laid out in a DLC, instructional modules, emails, or discussion boards etc. This learning can be carried out without actually having to be on line as the content can often be downloaded or accessed from a variety of ways. Not having to check in daily or go to class at a specific time is a key component of e-learning and why so many people choose this environment. It allows users the flexibility to work at their own pace and time.
Synchronous learning happens in real time so participants can talk, interact, ask and answer questions etc. Synchronous learning/teaching can occur via videoconferencing, chats etc. Depending on the DLC synchronous sessions can be mandatory or optional. Some individuals like synchronous sessions as it lends a social aspect to the e-learning and helps forms relationships between learners and teachers.
An article in Educause Quarterly by Stefan Hrastinski identifies three types of communication should occur in e-learning.
- Content Related
- Assignment Related
- Social Support
Synchronous learning helps these types of communications occur.
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